The formation of industrial civilization has had a huge impact on European art. Like never before, it was in close connection with social life, spiritual and material people needs. In the context of growing people interdependence, artistic movements and cultural achievements quickly spread throughout the world. Romanticism and realism manifested themselves with particular strength at this time in painting. There is a shift from religious plots to everyday ones, the role of the landscape is strengthened, which leads to the appearance of the landscape as an independent genre.
The development of graphics in the 19th century is characterized primarily by the flowering of the original engraving, which has its own artistic value and has made a valuable contribution to the advanced realistic art of modern times. Instead of repeating paintings, engraving artists begin to create their own original compositions, looking at the same time for new ways and means of artistic
expressions.